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Research Brief

Research Brief

State policy progress on refundable state earned income tax credits (EITCs) in 2024

 A refundable state earned income tax credit (EITC) of at least 10 percent of the federal credit is one of 12 prenatal-to-3 policies included in our 2024 Prenatal-to-3 State Policy Roadmap, which details states’ progress

State policy progress on child care subsidies in 2024

Child care subsidies provide essential financial support to make child care more affordable, assisting families as they navigate the challenges of balancing work, education, and training. Child care subsidies are one of 12 evidence-based policies

State Policies to Reduce Disparities in Childhood Poverty: A Summary of the Evidence

Financial hardship in early childhood can disrupt healthy brain development and compromise the foundation for long-term development and wellbeing. Because of discrimination in employment and education as well as unequal opportunities to build wealth, Black,

2024 Prenatal-to-3 Legislative Highlights

With most legislatures adjourned for the year, we recap the 2024 action on state policies to support children and families. So far this year, lawmakers throughout the country debated—and many passed—legislation that aligns with four key components of the prenatal-to-3 system of care.

The Impact of Expanded Income Eligibility for Child Care Subsidies: Analysis of Proposed State Legislation in 2024

State leaders can significantly increase the number of children eligible for child care subsidies across the country by expanding income eligibility thresholds. The level of income at which a family becomes initially eligible for child

State Policies to Promote Equity in Healthy Perinatal Outcomes: A Summary of the Evidence 

Barriers to health care, high-quality health insurance, and parental leave work together to leave families and children vulnerable during the perinatal period. These barriers can shape life-long outcomes, particularly for children from historically marginalized groups.

State Policy Solutions to Reduce Child Maltreatment: A Summary of the Evidence

Did you know state policies play an important role in reducing child maltreatment? Rapid neurological development makes children especially susceptible to harmful stressors, such as maltreatment, during the prenatal-to-3 period. Though we may expect prevention

Paid Family & Medical Leave: A Summary of the Evidence for Benefits to Children, Families, and the Labor Force

Rigorous research finds that statewide paid family and medical leave (PFML) policies have broad beneficial impacts to children, parents and families, and the labor force. This brief provides examples of the impacts of state PFML

A Business Case for Paid Leave Policies

Nearly all workers have needed or will need time away from work. When life and family responsibilities necessitate time off, paid family and medical leave (PFML) policies serve as an important tool to support both

Benefit-Cost Analysis of Pennsylvania Paid Family Leave Program Proposed in H.B.181

Impacts on workers, families, and the state budget

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